The Hebrew word kfar means “town.” Nahum is a man’s name and connotes “pleasant.” Capernaum sat on the northwestern coast of the Sea of Galilee about 20 miles northeast of Nazareth. Jesus spent a lot of time there during the three years of His ministry. This is the area where several of His apostles lived and fished. Fishing was the most important way of making money there.
The town was large enough to have a tax station and was on a route of travel from Damascus to Galilee. There was a synagogue there, but probably, many of the people who lived there were Gentiles. Scholars think about 1,500 people lived there. Jesus cursed the town for their unbelief.
Ruins of a synagogue built on top of the original in Kfar Nahum. By Yourway-to-israel - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=33690418
The shoreline of the Sea of Galilee moves according to how much water the lake contains. Although there are ruins, the exact location of Kfar Nahum is uncertain. Evidently, there was a fertile spring in Kfar Nahum, creating an oasis and providing fresh, clean water.
Below is an artist’s conception of what Peter’s home may have looked like.